Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.2019,10, 332–336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.32
possible to optimize the process conditions that provide excellent anti-pollution characteristics and could be easily utilized at on-site PV modules.
Keywords: annealing; anti-pollution; functional film; gastorch; PV module; Introduction
The worldwide consumption of fossil fuels has caused global
solution using a brush. After being dried at room temperature for 20 min, the substrates were thermally annealed using a furnace (L-Series, Jeio Tech Co., South Korea), RTA (RTP-1200, Nextron Co., South Korea), and a gastorch (KT-2211, Kovea Co., South Korea, using butane gas). The length of the flame was
about 10 cm, the distance between the flame and the specimen was about 5 cm, and the temperature was about 300 °C. In addition, the annealing treatment that uses a gastorch, which can be easily utilized to surfaces of installed or operating PV modules, was applied from one to five times.
The contact
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Figure 1:
Transmittance (a) according to the annealing treatment method and (b) according to the number of an...